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Hi! My name is Christine, I am Computer Science and Biology student at UBC. This blog will be about two of my interests: programming and crafting.

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Jul
12
2010

Canada’s Private Copying Levy

Filed under CPSC430

Canada’s Private Copying Levy charges 29 cents per CD-R, CD-RW, CD-R Audio, CD-RW Audio and MiniDisc sold in Canada. The CPCC then appropriates money to eligible composers, performers and makers. So far the CPCC has distributed 184M dollars. I think this levy is a very good idea. It supports the music industry, while recognizing that in the digital age copying of audio media is here to stay and cannot be prevented. The music industry has made examples of people by suing them, treating them as a means to an end, and they have taken down online P2P file sharing sites. Meanwhile, music copying online is still going strong! There are just too many people and computers on the internet for them all to be taken down, it is just not feasible. The levy on the other hand, seems to work. The industry gets paid, people get to make private copies – no one party is perfectly happy, but all are content at least. It’s a good compromise! Some people are opposed to the levy because it’s a tax that assumes that the buyer of blank media will use that blank media to copy copyrighted material, and it’s never good to assume. I think it’s a fairly good assumption in this case, though.

It’s interesting to see that there isn’t a levy on MP3 players mentioned on the CPCC site. I seem to remember the group who presented this topic in the CPSC430 lecture mention there was. Turns out that the levy on MP3 players was proposed, but then was turned down by the courts.

What about software developers though? They seem to have been left out of this levying system. People copy software just like they copy music. Why shouldn’t the software companies be compensated? Maybe the MP3 players levy should be charged, and the money collected from there would go to the music industry, while the money collected from blank media go to the software industry? Since people put music on MP3 players, and software on discs more often.

Tagged: copyright

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Jul
10
2010

Free Software Licenses

Filed under CPSC430

My group in CPSC430 class looked at various software licenses for our group activity in class the other day. The licenses we looked at were GPL, LGPL, BSD and Apache software licenses. These are all free software licenses. GPL and LGPL are considered “copyleft” licenses while BSD and Apache are not. I find the term “copyleft” hilarious, although it seems to be a real word because my spellchecker is not underlining it in red!

Copyleft doesn’t mean no copyright, in fact it is a type of copyright. Copyleft means that users are free to modify the original work and to use the work in derivative works, but any derivative works must be distributed under the same license terms. This means that after a software creator has released work under a copyleft license, the work will always remain free and no third party could potentially profit financially using the original creator’s work. BSD and Apache licenses are more permissive and less restrictive than the copyleft licenses. For example, works using code originally released under BSD could be released under proprietary license. The difference between GPL and LGPL is that LGPL allows linking to software libraries without forcing the software doing the linking to also be released under LPGL.

There is no “best” license to use, it depends on your purpose. If you want to ensure that your software remains free and open source no matter how it is modified or what it is incorporated into then GPL is the way to go. On the other hand if you have written a software library, and people will mostly be only connecting to your software’s object code then LPGL is better. Lastly if you don’t care that other people could profit from your work that you made available for free then BSD is good enough!

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Jul
07
2010

Buy CD, Get a Toy!

Filed under CPSC430

Illegal downloading has been a headache for the music industry since the internet became faster and accessible to the majority of people. The industry has wasted many millions of dollars developing DRM technologies which caused so much controversy by placing too many restrictions in place (music bought on one player couldn’t be placed on another player and otherwise preventing traditional fair-use rights) that most legitimate online music stores have dropped DRM. Then file sharing sites were shut down, and a bunch of people were sued for illegal downloading as examples to others and yet illegal downloading lives on! After BitTorrent tracker the Pirate Bay was shut down, it came back 3 days later with a larger user base because of press generated by the raid!

Why is illegal downloading still a problem? After all, legitimate music stores like iTunes exist, where music is not all that expensive at 99 cents per song, and it is pretty convenient. And it is true that iTunes is successful, and there are a lot of people willing to buy music legally online. However, the truth of the matter is illegal downloading is still more convenient to the end user. Buying music online is more convenient than buying a CD (no going to store, no ripping CD into mp3, instant delivery) but illegal downloading is still more convenient than online buying (no need to input credit card information, no potential DRM encoded files). Human beings are lazy in general, we like to take the path of least resistance…unless there is an added initiative. Right now there is no added initiative to buying music over illegal downloading, except for fear of getting caught. But so many people are downloading, that most people figure their chances of getting caught are pretty low.

So my idea is why doesn’t the music industry pull the trick the cereal industry having been using for very, very long time now? When you buy a box of cereal, they give you a toy. So buy a CD, get a toy! It doesn’t have to be a toy, of course it can be a poster, a post card, stickers, discounts on concert tickets – humans like free stuff! While this wouldn’t stop illegal downloading, CD sales will go up. Then the music industry doesn’t have to work so hard in preventing downloading. After all, not everyone who downloads a song would pay for it, and sometimes people buy CDs after downloading it.

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